CySec blog

Passwords & MFA — articles and guides

All CySec articles about Passwords & MFA: current vulnerabilities, step-by-step guides and practical protection advice for businesses in Armenia.

SonicWall SSL VPN (CVE-2026-19868): exploited flaw that bypasses SAML and MFA

On SonicWall firewalls that use SAML for SSL VPN, attackers with stolen credentials could skip SAML checks — including MFA. Fixed firmware and what to do.

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OpenSSH “SSHole” (CVE-2026-123158): password bypass on Alpine and other musl-based Linux

A flaw in how OpenSSH handles locked accounts on musl-based systems was exploited within two days of the fix. Who is affected and what to check.

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Passwords and MFA: the cheapest protection with the biggest effect

Stolen and reused passwords open the door to most account takeovers. A password manager and MFA close it.

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Email account hacked or password leaked: what to do, step by step

A calm checklist for the moment you suspect that a work account is compromised or its password appeared in a data breach.

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Least privilege: why not everyone should be an administrator

Too many access rights turn one mistake into a disaster. How to organize access to files, systems and admin rights.

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How to turn on MFA for the whole company in Microsoft 365

Security Defaults give every Microsoft 365 user multi-factor authentication in a few clicks. Step by step, with tips for a smooth rollout.

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When an employee leaves: an IT and security checklist

Former employees with active accounts are a common and avoidable risk. A simple checklist for the last working day.

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FortiOS SSL VPN (CVE-2024-21762): code execution without a password

An out-of-bounds write in the FortiGate SSL VPN let unauthenticated attackers run code, and it was exploited in the wild. Versions to install and what to do if you cannot update.

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Citrix Bleed (CVE-2023-4966): stolen sessions that bypass passwords and MFA

A memory leak in NetScaler let attackers copy logged-in sessions. Why patching alone was not enough and what to do after a VPN gateway flaw.

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Joomla (CVE-2023-23752): how a “medium” flaw exposed database passwords

An improper access check in Joomla 4 web service endpoints let anyone read the site configuration — including database credentials.

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HiveNightmare / SeriousSAM (CVE-2021-36934): any user could read the password database

Wrong permissions on Windows registry files let normal users read password hashes through shadow copies. Installing the update alone was not enough.

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Pulse Secure VPN (CVE-2019-11510): stolen VPN passwords that kept working after the patch

An unauthenticated file read on Pulse Connect Secure exposed cleartext credentials. Organizations that patched but did not reset passwords stayed compromised.

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