FortiOS SSL VPN (CVE-2024-21762): code execution without a password

An out-of-bounds write in the FortiGate SSL VPN let unauthenticated attackers run code, and it was exploited in the wild. Versions to install and what to do if you cannot update.

Publicly disclosed: 8 February 2024

SSL VPN is one of the most used FortiGate features — and one of the most attacked. On 8 February 2024 Fortinet disclosed an out-of-bounds write in the SSL VPN component that allowed a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute code with specially crafted HTTP requests. Fortinet stated it was potentially being exploited in the wild, and CISA added it to its exploited catalog the next day.

CVESeverityAffectedFixed in
CVE-2024-21762Critical, CVSS 9.6 (out-of-bounds write, remote code execution)FortiOS 6.0–7.4 with SSL VPN enabled; also FortiProxy7.4.3, 7.2.7, 7.0.14, 6.4.15, 6.2.16 and later (6.0: migrate)

How to protect

  1. Upgrade FortiOS to a fixed version for your branch.
  2. If you cannot upgrade immediately, Fortinet's workaround was to disable SSL VPN — disabling only web mode is not enough.
  3. Consider IPsec VPN or ZTNA instead of SSL VPN; newer FortiOS releases are moving away from SSL VPN tunnel mode.
  4. Check the device for signs of compromise and review VPN logs and administrator accounts.
  5. Never expose the management interface to the internet.

The VPN gateway is the front door of the company. It needs patches first, not last.

Sources: Fortinet PSIRT FG-IR-24-015, NVD CVE-2024-21762.

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